Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While smoking is a major risk factor, not all lung cancer cases are associated with it. A specific type, known as lung adenocarcinoma, can affect non-smokers as well. Here, we highlight the warning signs of lung cancer that everyone should be aware of.
1. Persistent Cough
A persistent cough that does not subside after a week or two, unlike a typical cold or respiratory infection, could be an early sign of lung cancer. Pay attention to whether the cough is:
- Constant or intermittent
- Dry or mucus-producing
- Accompanied by blood, even in small amounts, which requires immediate medical attention.
2. Shortness of Breath
Experiencing shortness of breath or becoming easily winded could be another early sign of lung cancer. This symptom might occur if:
- A tumor blocks or narrows an airway.
- Fluid builds up around the lungs (pleural effusion).
Shortness of breath is a red flag symptom that warrants prompt medical evaluation.
3. Chest Pain
Lung cancer can cause chest pain, particularly if it:
- Spreads to the chest wall
- Causes swollen lymph nodes within the chest
The pain may be sharp, dull, constant, or intermittent and can worsen with deep breathing, coughing, sneezing, or laughing.
Also Read: Early Signs and Symptoms of Breast Cancer and What to Do Next
4. Wheezing
Wheezing, a whistling sound during breathing (especially on exhalation), can result from:
- Blocked, constricted, or inflamed airways
Although wheezing is commonly associated with asthma or COPD, it may also indicate lung cancer.
5. Recurring Chest Infections
Frequent chest infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia, could signify lung cancer, particularly if:
- There is a recurring pattern of infections
- A tumor blocks the airway, increasing susceptibility to infections
6. Fatigue
Fatigue linked to lung cancer is often more intense than usual tiredness and does not improve with rest. It is especially common in advanced cancer stages.
7. Hoarse Voice
A hoarse voice or significant voice changes can occur if:
- A tumor presses on the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which controls the voice box (larynx).
8. Difficulty Swallowing
Trouble swallowing, often accompanied by pain, might indicate lung cancer if:
- A tumor presses on the esophagus
- Swollen lymph nodes compress the esophagus
9. Unexplained Weight Loss
Unexplained weight loss of 10 pounds or more can be one of the first signs of lung cancer. Cancer-related weight loss typically occurs due to decreased appetite and other metabolic changes.
10. Changes in Fingernails
Lung cancer can cause fingernail clubbing, which includes:
- Enlargement and rounding of the fingertips
While not exclusive to lung cancer, this symptom warrants medical evaluation.
Take Action
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of lung cancer early can significantly improve outcomes. If you notice any of these symptoms, seek medical attention promptly. Whether you are a smoker or not, understanding these early warning signs could save lives.
